Gunsmoke father

The Squaw: Directed by Gerald Mayer. With James Arness, Dennis Weaver, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake. A young man is very unwelcoming to the young Indian bride his father brings home. Amanda Blake (born Beverly Louise Neill, February 20, 1929 [citation needed] – August 16, 1989) was an American actress best known for the role of the red-haired saloon proprietress "Miss Kitty Russell" on the western television series Gunsmoke. Along with her fourth husband, Frank Gilbert, she ran one of the first successful programs for ... (September 2020) Gunsmoke is an American radio and television Western drama series created by director Norman Macdonnell and writer John Meston. It centered on Dodge City, Kansas, in the 1870s, during the settlement of the American West. Jul 25, 2017 · [email protected]. Updated July 25, 2017 9:22 AM. James Arness, right, who starred as Matt Dillon on “Gunsmoke,” had a daughter who would later get screen time in the 1990 made-for-TV movie ... Mar 9, 2023 · Robert Blake, Unpredictable Actor and Hollywood Pariah, Has Died at 89. The star of TV’s Baretta was charged with, and eventually acquitted, of the murder of his wife Bonny Lee Bakley. By Donald ... Episode Info. A boy's intense love for the guitar that used to belong to his father leads to murder. Genres: Drama, Western. Network: CBS. Air Date: Feb 12, 1966. Directed By: Robert Totten. The Fires of Ignorance: Directed by Victor French. With James Arness, Milburn Stone, Ken Curtis, Buck Taylor. An inflexible father believes that his son is needed more on the farm than attending school.The sons of a Basque sheep herder who's part of a community near Dodge are faced with a manhood ritual. A Basque boy must defeat his father in a fist fight. The older son had beaten a schoolyard rival to death in a fight while a boy in the old country, and wants nothing to do with the ritual. The younger son has no such qualms, and wins the ...The Noose: Directed by Vincent McEveety. With James Arness, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake, Ken Curtis. Ex-con Fred Garth seeks to exactly re-create the hanging death of his father by casting Doc as the father and Matt Dillon as the young Garth (who was shot in the leg and tied to a post while his father swung). His parents were businessman Rolf Cirkler Aurness and journalist Ruth Duesler. His father's ancestry was Norwegian; his mother's was German. [2] The family name had been Aursnes, but when Rolf's father, Peter Aursnes, emigrated from Norway in 1887, he changed it to Aurness. [3] Arness and his family were Methodists. [4]Sarah: Directed by Gunnar Hellström. With James Arness, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake, Ken Curtis. Matt runs into an old flame named Sarah that now runs a one-woman saloon for bandits out in the desert.Amanda Blake (born Beverly Louise Neill, February 20, 1929 [citation needed] – August 16, 1989) was an American actress best known for the role of the red-haired saloon proprietress "Miss Kitty Russell" on the western television series Gunsmoke. Along with her fourth husband, Frank Gilbert, she ran one of the first successful programs for ... The Hunger: Directed by Harry Harris. With James Arness, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake, Elen Willard. Matt and Doc come to the rescue of a farm wife and daughter who essentially are kept as prisoners by the farmer and his son. John Drew Barrymore (born John Blyth Barrymore Jr.; June 4, 1932 – November 29, 2004) was an American film actor and member of the Barrymore family of actors, which included his father, John Barrymore, and his father's siblings, Lionel and Ethel. He was the father of four children, including actor John Blyth Barrymore and actress Drew ... The Real Reason Chester Was Written Off Gunsmoke. CBS/YouTube. By Christian Schoon / March 19, 2022 1:50 pm EST. Galloping onto CBS in 1955, "Gunsmoke" still leads the herd of TV Westerns as one ...Gunsmoke was the first to do this on television (well…technically, adult Western The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp premiered four short days before Gunsmoke, and though excellent in its own right, lasted only six seasons). A stable of excellent scripters, later including female scribes such as series’ favorite Kathleen Hite, were able to ...Dennis Weaver. Actor: Touch of Evil. Dennis Weaver first became familiar to television audiences as Matt Dillon's assistant Chester Goode in Gunsmoke (1955). After playing the part for nine years, he moved on to star in his own series, Kentucky Jones (1964).The Dealer: Directed by Harry Harris. With James Arness, Dennis Weaver, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake. Johnny Cole kills a crooked card dealer in self defense, and then falls in love with the dealer's beautiful daughter, but she resists his advances and wants to seriously hurt him instead.The fired man takes up with a saloon girl whom Miss Kitty hired after her father was murdered. Dal takes a fancy to the girl, tries to shoot his rival, and instead shoots and kills the girl. Chester witnesses it all, and goes with Matt to Dal's ranch to arrest him. Dal's father is in disbelief, but Dal is hardly worried, confident his father ... The Fires of Ignorance: Directed by Victor French. With James Arness, Milburn Stone, Ken Curtis, Buck Taylor. An inflexible father believes that his son is needed more on the farm than attending school.The Hunger: Directed by Harry Harris. With James Arness, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake, Elen Willard. Matt and Doc come to the rescue of a farm wife and daughter who essentially are kept as prisoners by the farmer and his son.Lacey: Directed by Harry Harris. With James Arness, Dennis Weaver, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake. A hired man is sweet on his boss's daughter and disliked by his boss.For the friends of Sam Peckinpah’s films! Mace Gore and his two henchmen threaten Matt Dillon. Mace Gore and his two henchmen inside the marshal’s office. Mace Gore and his two henchmen fire to warn his men and to corner Matt Dillon. End credits for CBS composer Morton Stevens. Last edited: Feb 4, 2019. Feb 4, 2019.Matt Dillon runs into ex-con, Perce McCall, who saves his life in a shootout. Matt is thankful for his help and tries to intervene when Perce falls for Ida Poe, one of Miss Kitty’s girls, who is actually another man’s girlfriend. Old Yellow Boots. Drifter Frank Cassidy befriends Beulah Parker and announces his intentions of marrying her.Robert Blake, Unpredictable Actor and Hollywood Pariah, Has Died at 89. The star of TV’s Baretta was charged with, and eventually acquitted, of the murder of his wife Bonny Lee Bakley. By Donald ..."Gunsmoke" The Guitar (TV Episode 1956) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more.My Father's Guitar: Directed by Robert Totten. With James Arness, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake, Ken Curtis. A talented guitarist impresses all who hear him on an instrument that is more precious to him than a man's life. One family of a group of Basque sheep farmers is the concerning figures in this plot. Alego has two sons- Manolo played by Robert Urich and Joachim played by Mark Shera. A ritual in the family is that to be considered an adult the son must beat the father in a fight. The older brother refuses to fight because of a death that happened years ago ...The sons of a Basque sheep herder who's part of a community near Dodge are faced with a manhood ritual. A Basque boy must defeat his father in a fist fight. The older son had beaten a schoolyard rival to death in a fight while a boy in the old country, and wants nothing to do with the ritual. The younger son has no such qualms, and wins the ...Kitty Russell buys half of Bill Pence's interest in the Long Branch Saloon. Shortly after the transaction is complete, Kitty receives a telegram from her father, who abandoned Kitty and her mother when Kitty was young. The father is coming from New Orleans to visit Kitty in Dodge City. After Wayne Russell arrives, he begins trying to convince ... Gunsmoke (TV Series) Sins of the Father (1957) Angie Dickinson: Rose Daggitt. Showing all 3 items ... Gunsmoke Alumni a list of 23 images created 09 Oct 2018 My List ...Father's Love. Gunsmoke: Season 9. ALL CRITICS TOP CRITICS. Episode Info. A rancher commits murder to gain his nephew's wife, who scorned him years earlier. Show More. Robert Brubaker as townsman Jim Buck (1957–1961), as bartender Floyd (1974–1975) [3] Kelton Garwood (aka Jonathan Harper) as undertaker Percy Crump (1966–1972) Dabbs Greer as merchant Mr. Jonas (1956–1968) Pat Hingle as Dr. John Chapman (1971) Victor Izay as bartender Bull (1970–1974) CBS | Air Date: April 23, 1966. Starring: Tom Waters, Burt Reynolds, Ken Curtis, Dennis Weaver, Roger Ewing, Buck Taylor, James Arness, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake, Glenn Strange. Summary: Joey and Bernie Jeffords are in the Hays City Trail's End Saloon watching. Jim Barrett, a famous gunfighter, shoot pool.My Father, My Son. Gunsmoke: Season 11. ALL CRITICS TOP CRITICS. Episode Info. A gunman becomes the target of revenge after killing a young man in self-defense. Show More.Another first for this episode is the Gunsmoke appearance by the well-known character actor Dub Taylor. He would go on to appear in a total of seven episodes of Gunsmoke. Dub was the father of Buck Taylor, who would become a regular cast member as Newly O'Brien in the later seasons of the show. William Bramley fills the Jed Woodard role. The Squaw: Directed by Gerald Mayer. With James Arness, Dennis Weaver, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake. A young man is very unwelcoming to the young Indian bride his father brings home. Buck Taylor is an American actor, painter, and rancher. He is mainly known for his character, Newly O’Brien, from the 1967 American drama TV series Gunsmoke. In the show, he plays a gunsmith of Dodge City, who later becomes a deputy marshal. Moreover, he received a Trustee Award from the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum for this role.Jul 27, 2019 · Subscribe to our YouTube channel for more classic radio shows!****Audio Credit: The Old Time Radio Researchers Group is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 "Gunsmoke" The Guitar (TV Episode 1956) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more.The Wiving: Directed by Victor French. With James Arness, Milburn Stone, Ken Curtis, Buck Taylor. Three saloon girls are kidnapped in Dodge by three men who want to marry them, and oddly enough, the women do start to fall in love. Brave gunslinger Marshal Matt Dillon (James Arness) presides over Dodge City, a Wild West town often overrun with the lawlessness of the frontier. The series follows Dillon as he plays peacekeeper in a locale afflicted by problems such as rustling, gunfights and brawling. When Dillon isn't fighting for peace and justice, he's trying to win over the usually ambiguous affection of Kitty (Amanda ..."Gunsmoke" Sins of the Father (TV Episode 1957) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. Father's Love. Gunsmoke: Season 9. ALL CRITICS TOP CRITICS. Episode Info. A rancher commits murder to gain his nephew's wife, who scorned him years earlier. Show More.Brave gunslinger Marshal Matt Dillon (James Arness) presides over Dodge City, a Wild West town often overrun with the lawlessness of the frontier. The series follows Dillon as he plays peacekeeper in a locale afflicted by problems such as rustling, gunfights and brawling. When Dillon isn't fighting for peace and justice, he's trying to win over the usually ambiguous affection of Kitty (Amanda ...An Indian girl defies the laws of her people to save her father. Lacey: Directed by Harry Harris. With James Arness, Dennis Weaver, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake. A hired man is sweet on his boss's daughter and disliked by his boss. The sons of a Basque sheep herder who's part of a community near Dodge are faced with a manhood ritual. A Basque boy must defeat his father in a fist fight. The older son had beaten a schoolyard rival to death in a fight while a boy in the old country, and wants nothing to do with the ritual. The younger son has no such qualms, and wins the ... "Gunsmoke" Sins of the Father (TV Episode 1957) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more.Mar 9, 2023 · Robert Blake, Unpredictable Actor and Hollywood Pariah, Has Died at 89. The star of TV’s Baretta was charged with, and eventually acquitted, of the murder of his wife Bonny Lee Bakley. By Donald ... Jenny: Directed by Robert Totten. With James Arness, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake, Ken Curtis. A strict judge interferes when Newly allows an outlaw to make arrangements for his 10-year-old daughter, and to surrender afterwards.1h IMDb RATING 7.7 /10 141 YOUR RATING Rate Western Just before he's to be hung, stage robber Shadler busts out of jail, by slugging his last rites priest and donning the robes as a disguise. While burglarizing an uninhabited farm, the escapee helps Deputy U.S. Marshal Newly elude hostile lawmen quarantining a nearby outpost struc... Read allVengeance!: Part I: Directed by Richard C. Sarafian. With James Arness, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake, Ken Curtis. Bob Johnson is a super fast gunman looking for revenge against the men who paralyzed his foster father and killed his foster brother, when they were attempting to steal a calf.The fired man takes up with a saloon girl whom Miss Kitty hired after her father was murdered. Dal takes a fancy to the girl, tries to shoot his rival, and instead shoots and kills the girl. Chester witnesses it all, and goes with Matt to Dal's ranch to arrest him. Dal's father is in disbelief, but Dal is hardly worried, confident his father ... Jul 19, 2014 · As it turns out, acting and baseball is in his blood. Kurt’s father, Neil Oliver “Bing” Russell, was an actor who began his career in the early 50s. When he was younger, he was the unofficial mascot of the New York Yankees in the 30s and 40s when joe DiMaggio, Lefty Gomez, and Lou Gehrig were on the team. Buck Taylor is an American actor, painter, and rancher. He is mainly known for his character, Newly O’Brien, from the 1967 American drama TV series Gunsmoke. In the show, he plays a gunsmith of Dodge City, who later becomes a deputy marshal. Moreover, he received a Trustee Award from the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum for this role.Gunsmoke's channel, the place to watch all videos, playlists, and live streams by Gunsmoke on Dailymotion... producer (as Norman Macdonnell) Cinematography by Frank V. Phillips ... director of photography Editing by Otto Meyer Casting By Lynn Stalmaster Art Direction by James Dowell Vance ... (as James D. Vance) Production Management Second Unit Director or Assistant Director Wes McAfee ... assistant director Stunts Music Department In the film, Learned returns as Mike, who reveals to Marshal Dillon that he is the father of their daughter, Beth (played by Amy Stock-Poynton) and asks him for help in saving her from a band on Apaches.The sons of a Basque sheep herder who's part of a community near Dodge are faced with a manhood ritual. A Basque boy must defeat his father in a fist fight. The older son had beaten a schoolyard rival to death in a fight while a boy in the old country, and wants nothing to do with the ritual. The younger son has no such qualms, and wins the ... Kathleen Nolan. William Dennis Weaver [1] (June 4, 1924 – February 24, 2006) was an American actor and former president of the Screen Actors Guild, best known for his work in television and films from the early 1950s until just before his death in 2006. Weaver's two most famous roles were as Marshal Matt Dillon 's trusty partner Chester Goode ...... producer (as Norman Macdonnell) Cinematography by Frank V. Phillips ... director of photography Editing by Otto Meyer Casting By Lynn Stalmaster Art Direction by James Dowell Vance ... (as James D. Vance) Production Management Second Unit Director or Assistant Director Wes McAfee ... assistant director Stunts Music Department Brave gunslinger Marshal Matt Dillon (James Arness) presides over Dodge City, a Wild West town often overrun with the lawlessness of the frontier. The series follows Dillon as he plays peacekeeper in a locale afflicted by problems such as rustling, gunfights and brawling. When Dillon isn't fighting for peace and justice, he's trying to win over the usually ambiguous affection of Kitty (Amanda ... He asks his father to write out a warrant for the arrest of the Band gang. John reluctantly agrees. As he completes filling out the paperwork, he collapses and dies from an apparent heart attack. Clayton Thaddeus Greenwood sets out in pursuit of the gang, and the trail leads him to Dodge City.The Hunger: Directed by Harry Harris. With James Arness, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake, Elen Willard. Matt and Doc come to the rescue of a farm wife and daughter who essentially are kept as prisoners by the farmer and his son. Episode Info. A boy's intense love for the guitar that used to belong to his father leads to murder. Genres: Drama, Western. Network: CBS. Air Date: Feb 12, 1966. Directed By: Robert Totten. CBS | Air Date: April 23, 1966. Starring: Tom Waters, Burt Reynolds, Ken Curtis, Dennis Weaver, Roger Ewing, Buck Taylor, James Arness, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake, Glenn Strange. Summary: Joey and Bernie Jeffords are in the Hays City Trail's End Saloon watching. Jim Barrett, a famous gunfighter, shoot pool. With Jack Elam and Lee Van Cleef you know this is a classic western. The episode begins in Hay City with two young brothers, Joey and Bernie Jeffords, watching Jim Barrett (Jack Elam) play pool in a small saloon. Jim Barrett is a gunslinger with a bad reputation that is just trying to stay out of trouble. Joey Jeffords thinks that he is faster ... Gunsmoke. While returning suspected killer Pruit Dover to Dodge to stand trial, Matt is shot and badly wounded, and yet Dover stays with him and nurses him back to health. A rancher's spoiled son believes even after he is convicted of murder that his father's wealth and influence will save him from the hangman.An Indian girl defies the laws of her people to save her father. 1955 -2022. 20 Seasons. CBS. Drama, Action & Adventure. TVG. Watchlist. Where to Watch. Gunsmoke is an American radio and television Western drama series created by director Norman MacDonnell and ..."Gunsmoke" The Guitar (TV Episode 1956) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. CBS | Air Date: April 23, 1966. Starring: Tom Waters, Burt Reynolds, Ken Curtis, Dennis Weaver, Roger Ewing, Buck Taylor, James Arness, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake, Glenn Strange. Summary: Joey and Bernie Jeffords are in the Hays City Trail's End Saloon watching. Jim Barrett, a famous gunfighter, shoot pool. CBS | Air Date: April 23, 1966. Starring: Tom Waters, Burt Reynolds, Ken Curtis, Dennis Weaver, Roger Ewing, Buck Taylor, James Arness, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake, Glenn Strange. Summary: Joey and Bernie Jeffords are in the Hays City Trail's End Saloon watching. Jim Barrett, a famous gunfighter, shoot pool. Jul 25, 2017 · [email protected]. Updated July 25, 2017 9:22 AM. James Arness, right, who starred as Matt Dillon on “Gunsmoke,” had a daughter who would later get screen time in the 1990 made-for-TV movie ... Jenny: Directed by Robert Totten. With James Arness, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake, Ken Curtis. A strict judge interferes when Newly allows an outlaw to make arrangements for his 10-year-old daughter, and to surrender afterwards.Jenny Lee Arness Father. James was an American actor probably most famous for playing the role of Marshal Matt Dillon in the CBS television series Gunsmoke for two decades. In 1943, with the war being fought in Europe and the Pacific, he was initiated into the military.Starring: Tom Waters, Burt Reynolds, Ken Curtis, Dennis Weaver, Roger Ewing, Buck Taylor, James Arness, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake, Glenn Strange. Summary: Jason rides up to Jed Woodard's homestead and asks if he can water his. horse. While he's doing that Jed notices a guitar strapped to Jason's horse. He takes it out and starts fooling with it.My Father, My Son. Gunsmoke: Season 11. ALL CRITICS TOP CRITICS. Episode Info. A gunman becomes the target of revenge after killing a young man in self-defense. Show More.Nov 22, 2017 · In the early hours of December 12, 1976, Cassidy dropped a lit cigarette on the couch he was sleeping on, and the couch caught fire. The flames spread quickly and burned down the apartment and the building, which was discovered at 6:15 a.m. in the morning. A burnt corpse was discovered in Cassidy’s apartment, and dental records proved without ... Check out our gunsmoke cards selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our movies shops. The Dealer: Directed by Harry Harris. With James Arness, Dennis Weaver, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake. Johnny Cole kills a crooked card dealer in self defense, and then falls in love with the dealer's beautiful daughter, but she resists his advances and wants to seriously hurt him instead.Jenny Lee Arness Father. James was an American actor probably most famous for playing the role of Marshal Matt Dillon in the CBS television series Gunsmoke for two decades. In 1943, with the war being fought in Europe and the Pacific, he was initiated into the [email protected]. Updated July 25, 2017 9:22 AM. James Arness, right, who starred as Matt Dillon on “Gunsmoke,” had a daughter who would later get screen time in the 1990 made-for-TV movie ...He became a regular guest star on television appearing in shows like The Alfred Hitchcock Hour, Bewitched, Gunsmoke, That Girl, Get Smart, Match Game, McCloud, and Columbo. He also acted in several films like The Chapman Report, Bunny O’Hare, The Eiger Sanction, W.C. Fields and Me, and The Private Files of J. Edgar Hoover.The Wyatt Family was featured on the American reality TV show American Guns. Rich Wyatt ran a gun store called Gunsmoke Guns (owned by Victor Rodriguez) which was the main setting for the American Guns show. He operated the store with his family: Renee his wife, his stepdaughter Paige Wyatt, and his stepson Kurt Wyatt , along with the many ...He asks his father to write out a warrant for the arrest of the Band gang. John reluctantly agrees. As he completes filling out the paperwork, he collapses and dies from an apparent heart attack. Clayton Thaddeus Greenwood sets out in pursuit of the gang, and the trail leads him to Dodge City.A theme more suited to Payton Place than Gunsmoke. After watching even the title of the episode was freaky. The story begins in a saloon in Wichita called the Golden Horn where a new girl named Cora Prells has just been hired as the new saloon girl. Matt Dillon runs into ex-con, Perce McCall, who saves his life in a shootout. Matt is thankful for his help and tries to intervene when Perce falls for Ida Poe, one of Miss Kitty’s girls, who is actually another man’s girlfriend. Old Yellow Boots. Drifter Frank Cassidy befriends Beulah Parker and announces his intentions of marrying her.John Drew Barrymore (born John Blyth Barrymore Jr.; June 4, 1932 – November 29, 2004) was an American film actor and member of the Barrymore family of actors, which included his father, John Barrymore, and his father's siblings, Lionel and Ethel. He was the father of four children, including actor John Blyth Barrymore and actress Drew ...And although Learned faded from the scene, it wasn’t the last we saw of the father-daughter duo. Played by Amy Stock-Poyton (now Amy Stoch), Beth would turn up in the final three Gunsmoke movies: 1992’s “To the Last Man,” 1993’s “The Long Ride” and 1994’s “One Man’s Justice,” by which time she had married a man named Readon.Rance Howard (born Harold Engle Beckenholdt; November 17, 1928 – November 25, 2017) was an American actor who starred in film and on television. He was the father of actor and filmmaker Ron Howard and actor Clint Howard, and grandfather of actresses Bryce Dallas Howard and Paige Howard . Howard appeared in films such as Cool Hand Luke (1967 ...Lacey: Directed by Harry Harris. With James Arness, Dennis Weaver, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake. A hired man is sweet on his boss's daughter and disliked by his boss."Gunsmoke" Sins of the Father (TV Episode 1957) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. [email protected]. Updated July 25, 2017 9:22 AM. James Arness, right, who starred as Matt Dillon on “Gunsmoke,” had a daughter who would later get screen time in the 1990 made-for-TV movie ...Another first for this episode is the Gunsmoke appearance by the well-known character actor Dub Taylor. He would go on to appear in a total of seven episodes of Gunsmoke. Dub was the father of Buck Taylor, who would become a regular cast member as Newly O'Brien in the later seasons of the show. William Bramley fills the Jed Woodard role.Lacey: Directed by Harry Harris. With James Arness, Dennis Weaver, Milburn Stone, Amanda Blake. A hired man is sweet on his boss's daughter and disliked by his boss.May 3, 2021 · He passed away in 2018 from a heart attack. From the main Gunsmoke cast still alive, Buck Taylor who played ‘Newly’ is still with us. He spent much of his early career taking minor roles in films and television shows. He had an affinity with the Western genre and began taking on roles in Western films and TV shows. Robert Brubaker as townsman Jim Buck (1957–1961), as bartender Floyd (1974–1975) [3] Kelton Garwood (aka Jonathan Harper) as undertaker Percy Crump (1966–1972) Dabbs Greer as merchant Mr. Jonas (1956–1968) Pat Hingle as Dr. John Chapman (1971) Victor Izay as bartender Bull (1970–1974)Sep 11, 2020 · 1 of 2. An updated edition of the book “Gunsmoke: An American Institution” is available in the series’ 65th anniversary year. Former “Gunsmoke” actor Buck Taylor continues to make public ... | Cuhbaumkti (article) | Mjxbpr.